Mark Anthony was born in 83 BC to a Roman patrician family; he was a cousin of Julius Caesar. After a misspent youth, he first went to Athens to study, then found his vocation as a cavalry commander under Aulus Gabinius, proconsul of Syria, in campaigns in Judea and Egypt.
Continuing his military career, he became a member of Julius Caesar's staff in Gaul, and was raised to high office by Caesar, eventually becoming his junior consul.
The assassination of Caesar left Anthony vulnerable, as his interests were identified with those of his patron. After initially fleeing Rome, he returned, and used his oration at Caesar's funeral to turn the tables on the conspirators. Thereafter, he was part of the ruling Triumvirate with Octavian (later known as Augustus) and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus.
Mark Anthony pursued the conspirators Brutus and Cassius into Greece; Cassius committed suicide at the Battle of Philippi and Brutus not long after, leading to the collapse of their forces and the end of the civil war. Thereafter, Mark Anthony was made responsible for governing the East from Ephesus.