pompey

Representations of War in Ancient Rome

Item Details
Reviewed publication: 
Review Rating: 
8
Thumbnail: 

What we really know of Roman warfare comes from the ancient sources – scant and sometimes unreliable – and from the physical evidence, primarily numismatic and sculptural. In this well illustrated volume, 10 essayists throw light on these aspects of representation, concentrating more on the artistic than the purely literary.

Katherine Welch’s neatly organised introduction deftly tackles the minefield of early and republican history, examining the qualities that made Roman society so eminently warlike and exposing the degree to which prowess in war was related to success in domestic (and later foreign) politics, and how that was achieved through apposite imagery. To varying degrees, all the contributors underline the bond between religion, war and the way in which art advertised this conjunction to a triumphing general’s own class as well as the proletariat on whom he relied for election to higher office.

About The AuthorRoger Michael Kean
Roger Michael Kean was the founder and managing director of Thalamus Publishing, which specialised in illustrated historical reference books for adults and children. He is also the author of Forgotten Power – Byzantium – Bulwark of Christianity, Exploring Ancient Egypt, The Complete Chronicle of the Emperors of Rome, and Pirates – Predators of the Seas (with Angus Konstam)

The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy

Item Details
Review Rating: 
4
Thumbnail: 

Mithradates VI Eupator (c.135–63 BC), king of Pontus, is one of the most fascinating characters of the late Roman republican period. After Hannibal, no other foreign power held the emerging Roman commonwealth to ransom as effectively as Mithradates, and he did so for far longer than the Carthaginian genius. His exploits aroused the admiration of later Roman chroniclers and gave rise to innumerable legends which echoed throughout history to the Renaissance and beyond. As this new retelling of his life story elaborates, his famous antidote to poisoning, the Mithridatium, was still available in Rome as recently as 1984 (that’s AD…).

The title indicate’s Mayor’s principle interest in Mithradates’ scholarship in the field of toxicology which ultimately led to a concoction of poisons which, when taken daily in tiny amounts, built an immunity to doses that would have been lethal to anyone not so protected. It’s this aspect of the book which adds a great deal to Mithradates’ life largely ignored by previous historians.

About The AuthorRoger Michael Kean
Roger Michael Kean was the founder and managing director of Thalamus Publishing, which specialised in illustrated historical reference books for adults and children. He is also the author of Forgotten Power – Byzantium – Bulwark of Christianity, Exploring Ancient Egypt, The Complete Chronicle of the Emperors of Rome, and Pirates – Predators of the Seas (with Angus Konstam)

Lustrum

Month of publication: 
October
Day of publication: 
8
Number of Pages: 
464 pages

Apamea

Key Dates

Apamea grew to significance when it was fortified by Seleucus I Nicator in 300 BC. 

Apamea (also Apameia) about 55 km north-west of Hama in Syria was a treasure city of the Seleucid kings. The capital of Apamene, it overlooked the Ghab valley. Located at a crossroads for Eastern commerce, the city flourished to the extent that its population eventually numbered half a million. It was one of the four cities of the Syrian tetrapolis.

When he fortified it, Seleucus I Nicator in 300 BC changed its name from Pharmake to name it after his wife, Apama. Diodotus Tryphon later also made Apamea the basis of his operations.

Pompey probably razed the fortress of Apamea in 64 BC, with the city being annexed to Rome. It later held out against Julius Caesar for three years unitl Cassius arrived in 46 BC. Destroyed by Chosroes I in the 7th century, it was partially rebuilt before an earthquake destroyed it in 1152. During the Crusades, it was occupied by Tancred.

Images
Put your Flickr photos of this object into the Heritage Key group, and tag them with heritagesite-6238, to see them here!

What Really Happened To The Roman Ninth Legion?

The legendary Ninth Legion – Legio IX Hispana (The “Spanish Legion”) – was one of the oldest and most feared units in the Roman army by the early 2nd century AD. Raised by Pompey in 65 BC, it had fought victorious campaigns across the Empire, from Gaul to Africa, Sicily to and Spain and Germania to Britain.

No one knows for sure why, but sometime after 108/9 AD, the legion all but disappeared from the records. The popular version of events – propagated by numerous books, television programmes and films – is that the Ninth, at the time numbering some 4,000 men, was sent to vanquish the Picts of modern day Scotland, and mysteriously never returned.

The real explanation is very likely much more mundane – the unit was probably either simply disbanded, or continued to serve elsewhere, before finally being destroyed at another battle some years later. The myth, as is so often the case, tends to overshadow the truth.

Rome’s Most Fearsome Fighting Machine

Highlighted Quote: 
Roman historians could be very reticent in recording the facts about legions that had been disgraced, and officials weren’t adverse to covering up the fate of vanquished armies for sake of public morale.
About The AuthorMalcolm Jack
Malcolm Jack is a freelance arts and entertainment journalist based in Glasgow, Scotland. He graduated from the University of Edinburgh in 2004 with an MA Honours Degree in History.

Warlords of Republican Rome: Caesar Versus Pompey

Publication subtitle: 
Caesar Versus Pompey
Month of publication: 
October
Day of publication: 
16
Number of Pages: 
224 pages

Biological Weapons and Chemical Warfare in the Ancient World

Ancient weapons of mass destructionIn 1972, the U.S. signed the Biological and Toxic Weapons Convention, which banned the "development, production and stockpiling of microbes or their poisonous products except in amounts necessary for protective and peaceful research." By 1996, 137 countries had signed the treaty. But was this this the first attempt at establishing rules for 'humane warfare'? No, antiquity beat us to it, although they - also - often did not adhere to their own rules. The Brahmanic Laws of Manu, a  Hindu treatise on statecraft dating back to the 5th Century BC, forbids the use of arrows tipped with fire or poison, but advises poisoning food and water. Kautilya's Arthashastra, one of the world's earliest treatises on war, advocates surprise night raids and offers recipes for toxic smokes and plague-generating toxins, but it also urges princes to exercise restraint and win the hearts and minds of their foes.

From Biological Weapon to Organic Viagra: the Craze for 'Mad Honey'

Mad Honey, more scientifically known as grayanotoxin, is a toxic substance humans have been dealing with for thousands of years.

The way how it is created is quite simple. A bee takes nectar from a toxic rhododendron plant (available in Turkey, the United States, British Columbia and the UK). The toxic substance is then deposited at a beehive.

The odds of getting any ill-effects from this substance, from the honey at your local grocery store, are pretty much nill. By the time commercial honey is diluted the amount of material from a rhododendron is extremely low or non-existent.

However, if you buy honey from a local beehive that happens to be near a large amount of rhododendron, the risk goes up.

Mad Honey Versus the Roman Legions

Syndicate content

find Heritage Key on Flickr, YouTube, Facebook, Twitter or Subscribe to RSS for the Latest News