divine creatures

Animal Mummies Explained by Dr Salima Ikram

Animals were deeply sacred in ancient Egypt, particularly from the 26th dynasty – around 700 BC – until the end of Egyptian civilization and the advent of Christianity by 400 AD. They were believed to be the living embodiment of gods, so preserving their corpses after death became a matter of the utmost importance. As Dr Salima Ikram explains, Egyptian embalmers would go to painstaking and expensive lengths to mummify everything, from ibis to cows, mice and fish. Cats had particularly high status in Egyptian society, while mummified dogs have been found by the thousands. Even lowly scarab beetles were carefully preserved.

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Salima Ikram Shares the Secrets of Egypt's Animal Cults

In this exclusive video, the American University at Cairo's Salima Ikram shares the secrets of Egypt's enduring animal adoration. In the video, she explains how Egyptians believed that animals were born as gods' creatures, and that gods would enter their bodies and animate it. The sounds animals made were thought to be the secret language of the gods; thus Egyptians felt they were actually closer to divinity than themselves, and would question animals, through a priest's interpretation, on matters as mundane as inheritance or property.

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Salima Ikram Talks about the Secrets of Animal Cults in Egypt

Salima Ikram about Animal Cults in EgyptThe way animals were worshipped in Ancient Egypt has long been one of the empire's most vivid features. Cats, crocs and even goldfish got the mummification treatment - and the culture's myriad gods plied their divine trade in the image of some of the region's most iconic creatures. In this exclusive video, the American University at Cairo's Salima Ikram shares the secrets of Egypt's enduring animal adoration.

Salima Ikram

Salima Ikram
Leading Expert on Animals in Ancient Egypt

Professor Salima Ikram is one of the world's leading authorities on animals in Ancient Egypt, and has published several books about the culture, which she has loved since childhood. Dr Ikram currently holds the post of Professor of Egyptology at Cairo's American University, and frequently appears in magazines and on television to discuss Egypt. She is also a grantee of the National Geographic Society's Committee for Research and Exploration. Born in Lahore, Pakistan, in 1965, Dr Ikram studies Egyptology and Archaeology at Pennsylvania's Bryn Mawr College. She then earned a M.Phil. and PhD in Egyptology at the University of Cambridge.

Current position

Professor of Egyptology, American Museum, Cairo.

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